Research: Andrew Goodwin's Theory

Narrative Structure In Music Videos:

• Music Videos are built around song lyrics - not traditional narrative structures

• There is not always a balance between narrative and performance

• They don't always have a narrative resolution

• Music Videos often pose questions in the narrative that are not answered within the video

Traditional narrative analyses doesn't apply to pop videos.

• Pop videos are build around songs

• Uses singer as both narrative and character

• Singer often looks directly at camera (involving viewer at home with the performance)

• Illustration: Video tells the story of the lyric. Dance is often used to express the feelings/moods in the song.

Pop videos rely on repetition and videos often repeat images as the song repeats lines and choruses so it becomes memorable to the audience. The video would be played on TV and the song would be played on the radio. Pop videos have a form of closure and ending which Is reflected in the structure of the music.

Some videos are autonomous from the music they spring from. The visualisations of a song may go beyond the original meaning. They could provide visual pleasures that encourages the video to be repeatedly watched, which then promotes the video.

There are 3 types of relations between songs and videos:

• Illustration: The video tells the story of the lyric. Dance is often used to express the feelings/moods in the song.

Nelly Furtado - Promiscuous ft. Timbaland:

This is a great example of how the video tells the story of the lyrics, as the video is shot within a club showing scenes of dancing in a sexual manner and showing 'promiscuity'. The lyrics 'Promiscuous girl' are constantly sung throughout the video whilst the camera shots are focused on Nelly Furtado either dancing with different males, or singing for e.g. The fact that the video is set within a club, shows the sexual nature and flirtatious atmosphere, demonstrating promiscuity as everyone is dancing with everyone and having bodily contact. As said before, dancing is often used to express the feelings/moods in the song.

• Amplification: Video introduces new meanings that do not contradict with the lyrics but add layer of meaning.

Rihanna - We Found Love ft. Calvin Harris:

This is a great example of how the video introduces new meanings and adds layers, as the video shows various scenarios between Rihanna and her lover, both good and bad. There is not much lyrics as the chorus is mainly repeated, but everything is shown within the video as the images tell the story. During the chorus, images of drugs, pills, and dilated pupils are shown and Rihanna is singing about having such deep and intense emotions towards someone to the point where your love towards them becomes addicting, even when you know the person is not right for you, you can't let go because the love has become like a drug.

• Disjuncture: Little connection between the lyric and video or where the video contradicts the lyric.

The Neighbourhood - Afraid:

This is good example of a video that represents disjuncture, as the video just shows someone driving a car, no starting point, no destination, no relation to the lyrics. As this is what is shown throughout the video with no structure, there is little or no connection between the video and lyrics.